{"title":"15449-Mouse","description":"","products":[{"product_id":"ifn-alpha-mouse-mab-f18","title":"IFN-alpha, Mouse, mAb F18","description":"\u003cul\u003e\u003cli\u003eThe monoclonal antibody F18 recognizes and neutralizes both natural and recombinant mouse alpha Interferon (IFN-α). IFN-α is a cytokine that belongs to the type I interferons (IFN-I). IFN-α is secreted by many cell types including lymphocytes (NK cells, B-cells and T-cells), macrophages, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, osteoblasts, microglia and others. Interferons stimulate both macrophages and NK cells to elicit an anti-viral response, and are also active against tumors. Although all cells can produce IFN-I, plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) produce 1,000-fold higher levels than other cell types, and are responsible for systemic IFN-I responses to many viruses. They are coined as the natural IFN-producing cells. However, under deprived pDC condition, other dendritic cells are capable of producing high levels of IFN-I.\u003c\/li\u003e\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Hycult Biotech","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":53614116569379,"sku":"HYBHM1001100UG","price":561.0,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0926\/3870\/8003\/files\/Hycult_20800x800_20100dpi_a7e309a1-e983-47b7-890b-ea109eed4547.png?v=1753030464"},{"product_id":"ifn-alpha-mouse-mab-f18-10-mg","title":"IFN-alpha, Mouse, mAb F18, 10 mg","description":null,"brand":"Hycult Biotech","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":53614116602147,"sku":"HYBHM100110MG","price":14815.0,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0926\/3870\/8003\/files\/Hycult_20800x800_20100dpi_ef570e64-7b06-41cc-8dce-ae79029c0650.png?v=1753030468"},{"product_id":"ifn-alpha-mouse-mab-f18-1-mg","title":"IFN-alpha, Mouse, mAb F18, 1 mg","description":null,"brand":"Hycult Biotech","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":53614116634915,"sku":"HYBHM10011MG","price":2965.0,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0926\/3870\/8003\/files\/Hycult_20800x800_20100dpi_4e65becb-9e17-4f55-b0ac-d62687c83ce2.png?v=1753030472"},{"product_id":"ifn-alpha-mouse-mab-f18-20-ug","title":"IFN-alpha, Mouse, mAb F18, 20 µg","description":" ","brand":"Hycult Biotech","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":53614116667683,"sku":"HYBHM100120UG","price":265.9,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0926\/3870\/8003\/files\/Hycult_20800x800_20100dpi_c7d9ec79-c02e-48d9-901f-aaa4d7050de1.png?v=1753030475"},{"product_id":"ifn-alpha-mouse-mab-f18-500-ug","title":"IFN-alpha, Mouse, mAb F18, 500 µg","description":null,"brand":"Hycult Biotech","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":53614116700451,"sku":"HYBHM1001500UG","price":2080.0,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0926\/3870\/8003\/files\/Hycult_20800x800_20100dpi_3b2f5548-9bb5-4ad0-ac87-7320505124d9.png?v=1753030478"},{"product_id":"ifn-alpha-mouse-mab-f18-5-mg","title":"IFN-alpha, Mouse, mAb F18, 5 mg","description":null,"brand":"Hycult Biotech","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":53614116733219,"sku":"HYBHM10015MG","price":11107.0,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0926\/3870\/8003\/files\/Hycult_20800x800_20100dpi_fd0b8f39-cc64-4c4b-ab1c-aa88e5a54f0b.png?v=1753030482"},{"product_id":"ifn-gamma-mouse-mab-f3","title":"IFN-gamma, Mouse, mAb F3","description":" ","brand":"Hycult Biotech","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":53614116765987,"sku":"HYBHM1002100UG","price":484.0,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0926\/3870\/8003\/files\/Hycult_20800x800_20100dpi_80c026aa-3b6e-4368-bdbc-f41a12f86843.png?v=1753030485"},{"product_id":"ifn-gamma-mouse-mab-f3-20-ug","title":"IFN-gamma, Mouse, mAb F3, 20 µg","description":" ","brand":"Hycult Biotech","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":53614116798755,"sku":"HYBHM100220UG","price":265.9,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0926\/3870\/8003\/files\/Hycult_20800x800_20100dpi_7287f60d-628d-466d-9be6-61af71645f10.png?v=1753030488"},{"product_id":"ifn-gamma-mouse-mab-f1","title":"IFN-gamma, Mouse, mAb F1","description":"\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMonoclonal antibody F1 binds both natural and recombinant mouse gamma Interferon. Its binding activity has been demonstrated in vitro and in vivo. F1 antibodies have been demonstrated to be able to inhibit inflammatory responses to bacterial lipopolysaccharides. These antibodies were furthermore shown to inhibit Shwartzman reactions and to protect NZB mice against spontaneous development of autoimmune disease. The neutralizing activity of the antibody has been demonstrated as being poor in anti-viral assays. If a neutralizing antibody is specifically desired, we recommend the use of another antibody available from Hycult Biotech, namely F3 (prod. code HM1005) which recognizes a different epitope on the murine gamma Interferon molecule and in contrast to F1, exhibits strong neutralizing activity. The antibody does not react with rat or human gamma interferon\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eApplications: Functional Studies , Immunoassays , Immunoprecipitation\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Hycult Biotech","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":53614116831523,"sku":"HYBHM1003100UG","price":484.0,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0926\/3870\/8003\/files\/Hycult_20800x800_20100dpi_bf5ee7c4-8dd0-433a-86b9-19e533a8644f.png?v=1753030492"},{"product_id":"ifn-gamma-mouse-mab-f1-20-ug","title":"IFN-gamma, Mouse, mAb F1, 20 µg","description":" ","brand":"Hycult Biotech","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":53614116864291,"sku":"HYBHM100320UG","price":265.9,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0926\/3870\/8003\/files\/Hycult_20800x800_20100dpi_2b238e76-1d69-4ac0-9c98-fbc923129c06.png?v=1753030495"},{"product_id":"il-6-mouse-mab-mp5-20f3","title":"IL-6, Mouse, mAb MP5-20F3","description":"\u003cul\u003e\u003cli\u003eThe antibody neutralizes mouse interleukin 6 (IL-6). It does not cross-react with LPS (the component of the\u003c\/li\u003e\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Hycult Biotech","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":53614116897059,"sku":"HYBHM1004100UG","price":484.0,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0926\/3870\/8003\/files\/Hycult_20800x800_20100dpi_5e96acf0-54cd-4e30-966f-561401e8e754.png?v=1753030498"},{"product_id":"il-6-mouse-mab-mp5-20f3-20-ug","title":"IL-6, Mouse, mAb MP5-20F3, 20 µg","description":" ","brand":"Hycult Biotech","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":53614116929827,"sku":"HYBHM100420UG","price":265.9,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0926\/3870\/8003\/files\/Hycult_20800x800_20100dpi_559d1b43-4781-4f47-8f4a-0645a6cd5a0c.png?v=1753030501"},{"product_id":"il-6-mouse-mab-mp5-20f3-500-ug","title":"IL-6, Mouse, mAb MP5-20F3, 500 µg","description":"\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe antibody neutralizes mouse interleukin 6 (IL-6). It does not cross-react with LPS (the component of the bacterial cell wall which is considered responsible for the toxicity of gram-negative bacteria) and TNF-alpha nor does it bind to either human or rat IL-6. The antibody inhibits IL-6 induced proliferation of the B9 assay. IL-6 is a pluripotent 20-22 kDa cytokine which plays a role in the pathophysiology of severe infection and regulates the immune response, acute phase reaction and haematopoiesis. IL-6 plays a critical role in B-cell differentiation to plasma cells and is a potent growth factor for plasmacytoma and myeloma. Continuous IL-6 gene expression makes an essential contribution to a multistep oncogenesis of plasma cell neoplasia. IL-6 is a very useful culture supplement for the generation of a high number of antibody-producing hybridomas.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eApplications: Functional Studies , Immunoassays , Immunoprecipitation\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Hycult Biotech","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":53614116962595,"sku":"HYBHM1004500UG","price":2080.0,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0926\/3870\/8003\/files\/Hycult_20800x800_20100dpi_825f1c7f-5a3f-4aee-ac8a-394c2e6ae744.png?v=1753030505"},{"product_id":"il-6-mouse-mab-mp5-32c11","title":"IL-6, Mouse, mAb MP5-32C11","description":"\u003cul\u003e\u003cli\u003eThe antibody neutralizes mouse interleukin 6 (IL-6). It does not cross-react with LPS (the component of the\u003c\/li\u003e\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Hycult Biotech","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":53614116995363,"sku":"HYBHM1005100UG","price":484.0,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0926\/3870\/8003\/files\/Hycult_20800x800_20100dpi_3ed866ae-45f3-47db-a10f-4d5476590848.png?v=1753030508"},{"product_id":"il-6-mouse-mab-mp5-32c11-20-ug","title":"IL-6, Mouse, mAb MP5-32C11, 20 µg","description":" ","brand":"Hycult Biotech","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":53614117028131,"sku":"HYBHM100520UG","price":265.9,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0926\/3870\/8003\/files\/Hycult_20800x800_20100dpi_82f222dc-f41a-4332-848f-f4b90cb9fa90.png?v=1753030512"},{"product_id":"tnf-ri-mouse-mab-hm104","title":"TNF-RI, Mouse, mAb HM104","description":"\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe monoclonal antibody HM104 recognizes the extracellular part of the Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor type I (TNF-RI) of the membrane-bound as well as the soluble receptor. TNF-RI (~55-60 kDa) is present on most cell types and is considered to play a prominent role in cell stimulation by TNF-alpha. TNF-alpha activates inflammatory responses, induces apoptosis, regulates cellular proliferation, and may even promote cancer progression. The effects of TNF-alpha are mediated by TNF-RI and TNF-RII, which have both distinct and overlapping downstream signaling cascades. Induction of cytotoxicity and other functions are mediated largely via TNF-RI. TNF-RI is equally well activated by both the 17 kDa soluble and 26 kDa membrane-bound form, whereas TNF-RII is efficiently activated only by the membrane bound form of TNF-alpha. TNF-RI signaling is initiated when trimeric TNF-alpha binds TNF-RI receptors. Subsequent TNF-RI trimerization promotes the recruitment of a proximal signaling complex composed of TNF Receptor Associated protein with a Death Domain (TRADD), Receptor Interacting Protein (RIP), cellular Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein 1 (cIAP1), TNF Receptor Associated Factor 2 (TRAF2), and likely TRAF5. Studies with TNF-RI-deficient mice indicate that TNF-RI mediates most of the proliferation, pro-inflammatory, and apoptosis-activating pathways.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eApplications: Frozen sections, Flow Cytometry , Immunoassays , Immunoprecipitation\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Hycult Biotech","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":53614117060899,"sku":"HYBHM1009100UG","price":893.0,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0926\/3870\/8003\/files\/Hycult_20800x800_20100dpi_d53b4499-a5a1-4198-abea-a56e15d4d4fc.png?v=1753030515"},{"product_id":"tnf-ri-mouse-mab-hm104-20-ug","title":"TNF-RI, Mouse, mAb HM104, 20 µg","description":" ","brand":"Hycult Biotech","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":53614117093667,"sku":"HYBHM100920UG","price":265.9,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0926\/3870\/8003\/files\/Hycult_20800x800_20100dpi_1ea4767f-8bd9-46e2-bd03-dec8a095da6e.png?v=1753030519"},{"product_id":"tnf-rii-mouse-mab-hm102","title":"TNF-RII, Mouse, mAb HM102","description":"\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe monoclonal antibody HM102 recognizes the extracellular part of membrane-bound TNF-RII as well as the soluble form of TNF-RII which is generated by proteolytic cleavage of the extracellular domain. The soluble form can still bind TNF-alpha with high affinity and functions as a TNF-alpha antagonist. TNF-alpha is an important signalling protein in the immune system which can activate inflammatory responses, induce apoptosis, regulate cellular proliferation, and may even promote cancer progression. TNF-alpha can bind to two structurally distinct membrane receptors, TNF-RI and TNFRII, which have both distinct and overlapping downstream signaling cascades. TNFRI is believed to be expressed on nearly all cell types, whereas TNFRII exhibits more restricted expression, being found on certain subpopulations of immune cells and several other cell types. A dominant role of TNFRII has been shown in thymocyte activation by TNF-alpha, whereas induction of cytotoxicity and other functions are mediated largely by TNF-RI. TNF-RI is equally well activated by both the 17 kDa soluble and 26 kDa membrane-bound form, whereas TNF-RII is activated only by the membrane bound form of TNF-alpha. The antibody is a agonistic receptor modulating antibody. It enhances in vitro TNF alpha responses by increasing the affinity of the soluble form of TNF-alpha for TNF-RII.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eApplications: Frozen sections, Flow Cytometry , Functional Studies , Immunoassays , Immunoprecipitation , Western Blot\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Hycult Biotech","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":53614117191971,"sku":"HYBHM1011100UG","price":990.0,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0926\/3870\/8003\/files\/Hycult_20800x800_20100dpi_6a5e3a02-49ea-4059-bae8-abb54dbbdd4a.png?v=1753030525"},{"product_id":"tnf-rii-mouse-mab-hm102-10-mg","title":"TNF-RII, Mouse, mAb HM102, 10 mg","description":null,"brand":"Hycult Biotech","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":53614117224739,"sku":"HYBHM101110MG","price":14815.0,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0926\/3870\/8003\/files\/Hycult_20800x800_20100dpi_df521866-d044-4492-a657-eacb78ace445.png?v=1753030529"},{"product_id":"tnf-rii-mouse-mab-hm102-1-mg","title":"TNF-RII, Mouse, mAb HM102, 1 mg","description":null,"brand":"Hycult Biotech","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":53614117257507,"sku":"HYBHM10111MG","price":2965.0,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0926\/3870\/8003\/files\/Hycult_20800x800_20100dpi_21b99901-bfcc-4c6b-b087-a0d6b1c15019.png?v=1753030532"},{"product_id":"tnf-rii-mouse-mab-hm102-20-ug","title":"TNF-RII, Mouse, mAb HM102, 20 µg","description":" ","brand":"Hycult Biotech","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":53614117290275,"sku":"HYBHM101120UG","price":265.9,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0926\/3870\/8003\/files\/Hycult_20800x800_20100dpi_c6ea541d-2c66-47a5-a12f-3c22758d153c.png?v=1753030535"},{"product_id":"tnf-rii-mouse-mab-hm102-500-ug","title":"TNF-RII, Mouse, mAb HM102, 500 µg","description":null,"brand":"Hycult Biotech","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":53614117323043,"sku":"HYBHM1011500UG","price":2080.0,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0926\/3870\/8003\/files\/Hycult_20800x800_20100dpi_f6cbf256-9d9c-4e2e-a75c-08a1b53028ce.png?v=1753030538"},{"product_id":"tnf-rii-mouse-mab-hm102-5-mg","title":"TNF-RII, Mouse, mAb HM102, 5 mg","description":null,"brand":"Hycult Biotech","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":53614117355811,"sku":"HYBHM10115MG","price":11107.0,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0926\/3870\/8003\/files\/Hycult_20800x800_20100dpi_a88e0d22-6c4c-47ae-8444-6869e854fcc6.png?v=1753030542"},{"product_id":"pecam-1-mouse-mab-mec7-46","title":"PECAM-1, Mouse, mAb MEC7.46","description":"\u003cul\u003e\u003cli\u003eThe monoclonal antibody MEC7.46 recognizes the mouse form of the platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule (PECAM)-1 (CD31). PECAM-1 is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. This heavily glycosylated protein is found in the entire vascular endothelium of adult mice and functions in mediating cellular adhesion by heterophilic and homophilic mechanisms. PECAM-1 is detected within the lymphopoietic islands in the spleen of newborn (day 12) and in the bone marrow of adult mice. Capillary endothelial cells of adult mice also express PECAM-1.\u003c\/li\u003e\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Hycult Biotech","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":53614117486883,"sku":"HYBHM1013100UG","price":561.0,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0926\/3870\/8003\/files\/Hycult_20800x800_20100dpi_2ca10549-89cd-4dda-93c4-26c20dd61ab0.png?v=1753030552"},{"product_id":"pecam-1-mouse-mab-mec7-46-20-ug","title":"PECAM-1, Mouse, mAb MEC7.46, 20 µg","description":" ","brand":"Hycult Biotech","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":53614117519651,"sku":"HYBHM101320UG","price":265.9,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0926\/3870\/8003\/files\/Hycult_20800x800_20100dpi_22e77213-8f74-44da-9dd5-b7fb3d4b298f.png?v=1753030556"},{"product_id":"cd34-mouse-mab-mec14-7","title":"CD34, Mouse, mAb MEC14.7","description":"\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe monoclonal antibody MEC14.7 recognizes mouse CD34, a single-pass type I membrane glycophosphoprotein present on small vessel endothelial cells and hematopoietic progenitor cells. The apparent molecular mass of CD34 is heterogeneous, depending on the glycosylation state in different cell types. In cultured endothelioma cell lysate, CD34 has a molecular weight of ~100 kDa, whereas in lung lysates it is ~80 kDa. 2 Isoforms of CD34 exist, both are expressed on the cell surface.CD34 is an adhesion molecule performing a role in early hematopoiesis by mediating the attachment of stem cells to the bone marrow extracellular matrix or directly to stromal cells. CD34 acts as a scaffold for the attachment of lineage specific glycans, allowing stem cells to bind to lectins expressed by stromal cells or other marrow components. CD34 presents carbohydrate ligands to selectins.CD34 is widely used as a marker to select early hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in experimental and clinical hematopoiesis. The monoclonal antibody MEC14.7 recognizes a neuraminidase sensitive epitope on endothelium in vivo, particularly on small vessels and neoformed capillaries and developing vascular structures in embryonal structures. The monoclonal antibody MEC14.7 can be used for identification and characterization of capillary endothelial cells. Furthermore, the antibody is useful for isolation and characterization of hematopoietic progenitor cells, particularly of myelomonocytic colony forming cells. Monoclonal antibody MEC14.7 is also useful for immunopurification and cell separation\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eApplications: Frozen sections, Flow Cytometry , Immunofluorescence , Immunoprecipitation , Paraffin sections , Western Blot\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Hycult Biotech","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":53614117650723,"sku":"HYBHM1015100UG","price":561.0,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0926\/3870\/8003\/files\/Hycult_20800x800_20100dpi_e5df229e-fb45-4fe2-b694-c45443d1f34b.png?v=1753030564"},{"product_id":"cd34-mouse-mab-mec14-7-20-ug","title":"CD34, Mouse, mAb MEC14.7, 20 µg","description":" ","brand":"Hycult Biotech","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":53614117683491,"sku":"HYBHM101520UG","price":265.9,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0926\/3870\/8003\/files\/Hycult_20800x800_20100dpi_6fda4478-1f64-42d3-8df1-a6216afdefdc.png?v=1753030567"},{"product_id":"viperin-mouse-mab-map-vip","title":"Viperin, Mouse, mAb MaP.VIP","description":"\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe monoclonal antibody MaP.VIP recognizes mouse Viperin, a 42 kDa protein belonging to the RSAD2 family. Viperin is the abbreviation of Virus inhibitory protein endoplasmic reticulum-associated interferon-inducible. It is an evolutionary conserved protein that is highly inducible by both type I and type II interferons. However, little or no induction by interferon gamma is observed in monocytic cell lines. Infection by many viruses, including human cytomegalovirus (hCMV), hepatitis C virus, yellow fever virus and Sendai virus, strongly induces viperin expression, suggesting a role in the host antiviral response. Viperin has also been shown to be important for the host anti-HIV responses. Furthermore, expression of viperin inhibits influenza replication by perturbing its release from the plasma membrane. Viperin expression alters plasma membrane fluidity by affecting formation of lipid rafts which are detergent-resistant membrane microdomains known to be the sites of influenza virus budding. 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